The number of irregular border crossings into the European Union has dropped by 25% during the first two months of 2025, according to a report by Italy’s Nova Agency. While most migration routes to Europe have recorded a decrease in activity, the Central Mediterranean route, primarily through Libya, has seen a notable surge.
Data from the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) revealed that between January and February 2025, over 7,200 migrants crossed the Central Mediterranean irregularly. This figure makes it the most active migration route to the EU during this period.
Frontex highlighted that Libya remains the main departure point for migrants attempting to reach European shores. Smuggling networks operating in the country are increasingly relying on high-speed boats, enabling faster and riskier crossings. The report indicated that the cost per migrant for sea passage from Libya ranges between €5,000 and €8,000.
A significant proportion of the migrants using this route are Bangladeshi nationals. According to Nova Agency, many Bangladeshi migrants initially enter Libya through legal work agreements established between the two countries. Once in Libya, however, they often fall prey to smuggling networks that promise passage to Europe in exchange for large sums of money.
Despite the decrease in overall irregular migration figures, the persistent activity along the Libyan route highlights the ongoing challenges faced by European border agencies and the humanitarian concerns linked to these perilous journeys. Frontex’s report underscores the need for comprehensive strategies to address the root causes of migration and disrupt the smuggling networks operating out of Libya.
As the EU intensifies its efforts to manage migration flows, Libya’s role as a key transit point remains a central issue in broader European migration policy discussions.
